MLT GlobeLDL cholesterol
Lipid Profile · also called LDL-C, Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
What it measures
LDL cholesterol is the main atherogenic cholesterol fraction and the primary target of lipid-lowering therapy. It is reported in every lipid profile to guide risk assessment and treatment goals.
Specimen and preparation
- Specimen: Serum or lithium-heparin plasma
- Tube: Gold top
- Preparation: Fasting 9–12 hours is needed only if triglycerides are high or LDL is calculated; otherwise non-fasting samples are acceptable.
Reference range
| Group | Range |
|---|---|
| Optimal | <100 (<2.6) mg/dL (mmol/L) |
| Near optimal | 100–129 (2.6–3.3) mg/dL (mmol/L) |
| Borderline high | 130–159 (3.4–4.1) mg/dL (mmol/L) |
| High | 160–189 (4.1–4.8) mg/dL (mmol/L) |
| Very high | ≥190 (≥4.9) mg/dL (mmol/L) |
Reference ranges differ between laboratories, methods and populations. Always use the range printed on your own lab report.
Causes of high values
- Familial hypercholesterolaemia
- Diet high in saturated and trans fats
- Hypothyroidism
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Cholestasis
Causes of low values
- Statin, ezetimibe or PCSK9-inhibitor therapy
- Hyperthyroidism
- Malnutrition
- Liver disease
Method
Calculated (Friedewald, Martin–Hopkins or Sampson equation) or direct homogeneous assay
Good to know
Friedewald (LDL = TC − HDL − TG/5, mg/dL) is invalid when TG >400 mg/dL or LDL is very low; use a direct LDL assay or the Martin–Hopkins/Sampson equation then. Very-high-risk targets are <55–70 mg/dL.
Related tests
📱 Practise with a timer, track your score and earn certificates in the free MLT Globe app – Google Play or practise online.