MLT GlobeAnatomy: Reproductive system – page 2
49 Anatomy MCQs on Reproductive system with answers and explanations.
Where is the prostate gland located?
The prostate sits below the bladder neck, encircling the prostatic urethra, with the rectum behind it—hence palpation by digital rectal examination.
Penile erection results from arteriolar dilation driven mainly by which nerve supply?
Parasympathetic pelvic splanchnic nerves release nitric oxide to dilate penile arterioles. Sympathetic fibres mediate emission and ejaculation.
The ductus (vas) deferens carries sperm between which two structures?
The vas deferens runs from the tail of the epididymis and joins the seminal vesicle duct to form the ejaculatory duct.
The male urethra passes through which erectile body of the penis?
The spongy urethra runs within the corpus spongiosum, which expands as the glans. The paired corpora cavernosa lie dorsally.
The greater vestibular (Bartholin) glands open near the vaginal orifice on which side?
Bartholin glands lie posterolateral to the vaginal opening (about 4 and 8 o'clock); blocked ducts form cysts or abscesses, often cultured in the lab.
What is the approximate length of a normal adult ovary?
An adult ovary is almond-shaped, roughly 2.5–3.5 cm long, 2 cm wide and 1 cm thick.
An adult mammary gland is divided into roughly how many lobes?
Each breast has about 15–20 lobes, each drained by a lactiferous duct opening on the nipple.
Ultrasound at 32 weeks shows placental villi attached to, but not invading, the myometrium. Which term applies?
In accreta, villi adhere to the myometrium without the normal decidual layer; increta invades into it and percreta penetrates through it. Praevia is low implantation.
The uterine tubes run within the upper free margin of which peritoneal fold?
The broad ligament is a double fold of peritoneum; its upper free border (mesosalpinx) encloses the uterine tube.
Peritoneum passing from the back of the uterus to the rectum forms which recess, the lowest point of the female peritoneal cavity?
The rectouterine pouch lies between uterus and rectum and is where fluid or pus collects. The vesicouterine pouch lies between bladder and uterus.
What is the approximate thickness of an adult testis?
An adult testis measures roughly 4–5 cm long, 2.5 cm wide and about 3 cm thick.
Where do the testes first develop in the fetus before descending into the scrotum?
Testes form high on the posterior abdominal wall and descend through the inguinal canal, normally reaching the scrotum near birth.
Each ejaculatory duct is approximately how long?
Each ejaculatory duct, formed by the ductus deferens and seminal vesicle duct, is about 2 cm long and opens into the prostatic urethra.
The ductus (vas) deferens is roughly how long?
The ductus deferens is about 45 cm long, running from the epididymis through the inguinal canal to join the seminal vesicle duct.
Which statement about the vagina is correct?
The vaginal stratified squamous epithelium lacks glands. The posterior wall is longer, the cervix projects into its upper end, and rugae allow distension.
The basal layer of the endometrium, which regenerates the lining after menstruation, lies between:
From the lumen outward, the layers are the functional endometrium, basal endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium. The basal layer persists and regrows the functional layer each cycle.
Which uterine support passes through the inguinal canal and anchors the uterus to the labia majora?
The round ligament runs from the uterine horn through the inguinal canal to the labia majora. The broad ligament is a peritoneal fold; the other two fix the cervix posteriorly and laterally.
Which statement about the fimbriae of the uterine tube is correct?
The finger-like fimbriae fringe the distal infundibulum and sweep the released oocyte into the tube. Fertilisation normally occurs in the ampulla.
Besides the seminal vesicles, which glands are accessory sex glands of the male?
The male accessory glands are the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral (Cowper's) glands. Vestibular and paraurethral glands are female structures.
In the correct order, sperm travel from the testis through the:
Sperm mature in the epididymis, pass up the ductus (vas) deferens, join seminal vesicle secretions in the ejaculatory duct, then exit through the urethra.