MLT GlobeAnatomy: Reproductive system
49 Anatomy MCQs on Reproductive system with answers and explanations.
Which structure is part of the female external genitalia (vulva)?
The vulva includes the mons pubis, labia, clitoris and vestibule. The cervix, uterine tubes and ovaries are internal genital organs.
Which layer of the uterine wall is thickest and expels the fetus during labour?
The myometrium is a thick smooth-muscle layer that contracts in labour. The endometrium is the mucosal lining shed during menstruation.
The single diploid cell formed when a sperm fuses with an ovum is the:
Fertilisation creates a zygote. Gametes are haploid sex cells; the morula forms after several cleavage divisions and the fetal stage starts at week 9.
In normal human reproduction, where does the sperm usually meet and fertilize the ovum?
Fertilization normally occurs in the ampulla of the uterine tube; the zygote then travels to the uterus to implant. Implantation, not fertilization, occurs in the uterus.
Spermatogenesis takes place in which structure?
Sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules. The epididymis stores them and allows maturation, but does not produce them.
What is the approximate length of each uterine (fallopian) tube in an adult woman?
Each uterine tube is roughly 10 cm long, running from the uterine cornu to the ovary, where it ends in the fimbriated infundibulum.
A vaginal smear shows mainly squamous cells. Which epithelium lines the vagina?
The vagina is lined by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, which resists friction. The endocervix is lined by columnar epithelium.
Which structure in the male is shared by both the urinary and reproductive tracts?
The male urethra carries both urine and semen. The ureter is purely urinary; the epididymis and seminal vesicles are purely reproductive.
After the corpus luteum degenerates, what whitish fibrous scar remains in the ovary?
Without pregnancy the corpus luteum regresses and is replaced by fibrous tissue, the corpus albicans.
Which ligament is a ligament of the uterus rather than the liver?
The broad ligament is a peritoneal fold from the uterus to the pelvic wall. Falciform, coronary and triangular ligaments belong to the liver.
Sperm are stored and gain motility in which structure?
Sperm mature and become motile over roughly two weeks in the epididymis. Seminal vesicles and prostate contribute fluid to semen.
Which cell is the fully mature male gamete?
Spermatogonia divide into spermatocytes, which undergo meiosis to form spermatids; spermiogenesis converts spermatids into spermatozoa.
The dome-shaped part of the uterus above the entry of the uterine tubes is the:
The fundus lies above the openings of the tubes. Fundal height is measured in pregnancy to assess growth.
In the female external genitalia, the area enclosed by the labia minora, into which the urethra and vagina open, is the:
The vestibule lies between the labia minora and contains the urethral and vaginal orifices. The perineum lies between the vulva and anus.
Where in the ovary are the primordial follicles found?
The cortex holds follicles at all stages, while the medulla contains vessels and nerves. The mesovarium attaches the ovary to the broad ligament, not the uterus.
The collective term for the female external genitalia is the:
The vulva includes the mons pubis, labia, clitoris and vestibule. The vagina and cervix are internal structures.
The muscular wall of the uterus (myometrium) consists mainly of:
The myometrium is interlacing smooth muscle bundles, the origin of leiomyomas. Columnar epithelium lines the endometrium.
The broad ligament is a peritoneal fold that connects which organ to the side walls of the pelvis?
The broad ligament drapes over the uterus and uterine tubes and anchors them to the lateral pelvic walls and floor. It contains the uterine vessels.
In most non-pregnant women, the uterus is positioned:
The normal uterus tilts forward (anteverted) and bends forward (anteflexed), resting on the superior surface of the bladder.
The ovarian ligament anchors the ovary to which structure?
The ovarian ligament runs from the ovary to the uterus just below the tube. The suspensory ligament connects the ovary to the pelvic wall.