Globulin

Protein Electrophoresis · also called Total globulin, Calculated globulin

What it measures

The protein fraction other than albumin, including immunoglobulins, transport and acute-phase proteins. Calculated from total protein and albumin to screen for raised or reduced antibody production.

Specimen and preparation

Specimen: Serum
Tube: Gold top

Reference range

Group	Range
Adult	2.0–3.5 g/dL
Adult (SI)	20–35 g/L

Reference ranges differ between laboratories, methods and populations. Always use the range printed on your own lab report.

Causes of high values

Multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia
Chronic infection (TB, HIV, hepatitis)
Autoimmune disease and chronic liver disease

Causes of low values

Antibody deficiency (congenital or acquired)
Light-chain myeloma (suppressed immunoglobulins)
Nephrotic syndrome
Immunosuppressive therapy

Method

Calculated: total protein − albumin

Good to know

Globulin above about 4.0 g/dL or below 2.0 g/dL should prompt serum protein electrophoresis and immunoglobulin levels.

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